philipedmundson

[edited to add – written on 21st June 2025]

The educational landscape in England currently feels less like a calm harbour and more like open water in a period of significant weather change. A new government is swiftly reviewing curriculum and assessment, while a revised Ofsted framework, though facing speed bumps, slowly takes shape. Real, tangible shifts in our schools remain some way off, as government bodies grapple with findings and frameworks. Even academies, once enjoying more freedoms, are likely to be brought back into the fold of the national curriculum. This isn’t a revolution, we’re told, but an evolution – yet significant unknowns persist.

In such a limbo period, school leaders find themselves in a challenging position. The urge to get ahead of the changes is understandable, but the risk of wasting time and effort on planning that won’t align is equally potent. Staff, rightly, look to middle and senior leaders for direction. So, how do we change-proof our schools in these fluid times?

My answer, honed by years in the crucible, is to look inwards, not solely outwards. This isn’t an invitation to bury our heads in the sand, but a call to return to our core purpose: the essential values and aims of the school or trust. How are these values being lived out daily by our staff? How can we deepen their understanding and embed them, irrespective of external currents?

Leading change, I’ve come to understand, is an art form, a constant navigation of volatile, often unseen deep currents. It demands more than just strategy; it requires an almost forensic understanding of human dynamics, an unshakeable commitment to our true North, and an unwavering spirit of adaptation. Through the turbulence, five fundamental principles emerge as my most reliable compass points, each a diagnostic tool sharpened by theory and practical experience:

Unearthing the “Why”: The Moral Compass Beneath the Murk.

At the heart of any profound transformation lies a compelling “why” —the “moral compass that vibrates through every decision”. As Michael Fullan ceaselessly reminds us, genuine educational change is driven by a “moral purpose” – an inherent desire to make a “tangible, positive difference in the lives of our students and the broader school community”. Without this deep conviction, I’ve observed countless initiatives falter, breeding quiet, insidious resistance. Leaders must vividly sketch an inspiring vista of the desired future, igniting a “shared, collective passion”. This means asking: “How have we decided what all pupils need to know and do… What have we emphasised and how have we ensured that we are providing the best opportunities possible?”.

Fusing the Fragments: Cultivating a Shared Horizon.

Once our moral compass is calibrated, how do we prevent efforts from drifting into disparate endeavours? Change thrives not in isolation, but in the collective power of a fleet. Fostering a profound culture of collaboration and shared leadership is the engine that shifts immense weight from a few to the collective strength of many. When educators feel genuinely connected and valued, I’ve witnessed them far more likely to lean in, to engage authentically in the often-messy change process. It’s in these collaborative spaces that new knowledge is exchanged and a true sense of shared ownership takes root. Kurt Lewin’s “unfreezing” of existing behaviours implicitly demands this shared endeavour; the undeniable necessity for change must be widely acknowledged and deeply understood.

Equipping the Crew: Bolstering Capabilities Against the Storm.

Even the clearest vision and the most fervent collaborative spirit can founder without the necessary tools and capabilities. Providing robust professional development and ongoing support isn’t negotiable for sustainable change; it’s the constant provisioning that keeps the vessel seaworthy. This means more than fleeting workshops; it’s a continuous, iterative cycle of learning, deliberate practice, candid feedback, and meticulous refinement”. Fullan’s “capacity building speaks directly to this need, empowering individuals and the organizational ecosystem with the knowledge, skills, and confidence to implement and sustain new initiatives. I meticulously design comprehensive professional development pathway that genuinely cater to diverse needs, fostering continuous professional growth.

The Unseen Anchor: Communicating Through the Fog of Change.

In times of profound transformation, communication is not just a courtesy; it’s the very lifeline that anchors trust and sustains engagement. This means being consistently clear, brutally honest, and fundamentally accessible. Beyond simply communicating a vision, it’s about a constant, open dialogue, a steady, anticipatory stream of information that disarms concerns and addresses resistance head-on. Authentic leaders, embodying integrity and openly sharing both successes and challenges, forge profound, unbreakable trust, cultivating psychological safety.

Embracing the Unknown: Navigating the True Uncharted Waters.

The path of meaningful change is rarely a straight line; it’s often fraught with unexpected shoals, hidden rocks, and sudden, disorienting shifts. Therefore, being adaptable and resilient – embracing iteration as a core philosophy – is paramount. Michael Fullan eloquently describes change as “messy,” emphasizing the urgent need for “coherence making” —the ongoing process of making sense of complexities and contradictions. This demands flexibility, a genuine willingness to learn from every misstep, and the courage to adjust course when initial headings prove flawed. Lewin’s “refreezing” stage is effective only if the “changing” stage permitted this iterative learning. Everett Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovations Theory highlights varied adoption rates, requiring leaders to be adaptable in strategies, providing varied support, and demonstrating profound resilience in the face of initial scepticism.

The recent session, drawing upon the principles outlined in my session, “Five theories on change”, proved a remarkable success in empowering and enlivening a diverse group of middle leaders within our school. This cohort, spanning various ages and experiences, was united by a palpable hunger for change and a keen desire to make the right decisions. They are, in essence, our school’s fleet of lifeboats, ready to rescue education from any hint of mediocrity, and eager to become their best selves.

The presentation’s structure, built around foundational change theories, provided a powerful framework. Michael Fullan’s emphasis on “moral purpose” particularly resonated, acting as a crucial anchor for their aspirations. By dissecting the “why” behind change, the session helped them articulate the deep-seated convictions driving their desire for improvement, transforming abstract goals into a tangible sense of purpose. This focus on making a positive difference in the lives of those affected by the change – our students and staff – aligned perfectly with their inherent drive to excel.

The discussion around Fullan’s “Emphasis on Relationships and Learning Communities”, coupled with the “Leaders you admire” exercise, unlocked a shared understanding of collaboration’s power. The aspiration for “shared leadership” in a “collaborative environment” where “individuals feel a sense of ownership and collective responsibility” was not just theoretical; it became an articulated desire. The “icebreaker” activity, designed to relieve tension, develop interpersonal communication, encourage discussion, and create a sense of connection, fostered immediate camaraderie.

Kurt Lewin’s “Changing” stage, with its explicit call for providing the necessary training and resources to help individuals adapt, spoke directly to their desire for effective professional development. The leaders, hungry for practical tools, clearly appreciated the emphasis on robust professional development, coaching, and ongoing support to acquire new skills. This resonated deeply with their eagerness to be freed to implement change effectively.

John Kotter’s “Communicate the Vision” and the concept of “Authentic Leadership” provided vital insights into building and maintaining trust. The discussion around transparent and consistent communication, and the idea of leaders sharing their honesty, integrity, and willingness to share their beliefs, goals, and even vulnerabilities, was particularly impactful. This approach, which fosters trust and encourages open dialogue, directly addressed their need to feel supported and informed amidst uncertainty.

Finally, the Diffusion of Innovations Theory, implicitly underpinned the need for adaptable strategies to address varying levels of readiness and resistance. The “Leadership pizza” exercise, a self-assessment tool for identifying key skills and attitudes, allowed for individual reflection and highlighted “areas for personal leadership development”, fostering a sense of individual agency within the larger collective.

Throughout this session, I felt a profound shift within myself. Often the “innovator” in previous settings, I found myself embodying a different kind of leadership. Gone was any hint of a “Captain Ahab” figure, relentlessly pursuing a singular vision regardless of the cost. Instead, there was the quiet confidence of an “emancipating leader”—someone akin to Atticus Finch.

This transformation, a deep self-realization of my evolving role, was evident in the way the theories were presented: not as mandates, but as diagnostic tools. My emphasis was on empowering the middle leaders to apply these frameworks to their own contexts, to think critically, and to make the right decisions. This subtly clever approach, valuing their inherent drive for excellence and providing the conceptual anchors, allowed these lifeboats to feel not just equipped, but truly unleashed, ready to navigate the complexities of educational transformation with renewed purpose and self-assurance. It was a moment of true self-actualisation for me, seeing my leadership evolve from simply providing solutions to fostering the very capability for solutions in others.

The next stages:

For Developing My Own Leadership:

Re-establish and Articulate My “Moral Compass”: The article emphasizes the importance of looking inwards and returning to the “core purpose: the essential values and aims of the school or trust”. I need to meticulously unearth my own “compelling ‘why'” – the “moral compass that vibrates through every decision”. This involves actively asking: “How have we decided what all pupils need to know and do… What have we emphasised and how have we ensured that we are providing the best opportunities possible?”. Michael Fullan reminds us that “genuine educational change is driven by a ‘moral purpose'”, which will be my anchor.

Embrace “Emancipating Leadership”: My personal evolution, as described in the article, is to move from being an “innovator” or “Captain Ahab” to an “emancipating leader”. My goal isn’t merely to provide solutions, but to foster the very capability for solutions in others. This means empowering my team to apply frameworks to their own contexts and make critical decisions.

Cultivate “Forensic Understanding of Human Dynamics”: Leading change demands “an almost forensic understanding of human dynamics”. I need to become more attuned to the often-unseen currents of resistance and actively work to cultivate “psychological safety” within our school environment.

Practice Authentic and Accessible Communication: The article stresses that communication is not just a courtesy, but “the very lifeline that anchors trust and sustains engagement”. I commit to being “consistently clear, brutally honest, and fundamentally accessible”. This involves constant, open dialogue, anticipating concerns, and addressing resistance head-on, embodying integrity, and openly sharing both successes and challenges. This approach aligns with John Kotter’s “Communicate the Vision” and the concept of “Authentic Leadership”.

Embrace Iteration and Resilience: Recognizing that “the path of meaningful change is rarely a straight line”, I need to be adaptable and resilient, embracing iteration as a core philosophy. This involves a “genuine willingness to learn from every misstep, and the courage to adjust course when initial headings prove flawed”. Michael Fullan describes change as “messy,” emphasizing the urgent need for “coherence making”.

For Developing the Skills and Leadership of Others:

Ignite a Shared “Moral Purpose” in Others: As the session with middle leaders showed, helping them “dissecting the ‘why’ behind change” helped articulate their “deep-seated convictions driving their desire for improvement”. I will strive to help my team vividly sketch an “inspiring vista of the desired future, igniting a ‘shared, collective passion'”.

Foster a Culture of Collaboration and Shared Leadership: “Change thrives not in isolation, but in the collective power of a fleet”. My focus will be on cultivating “a profound culture of collaboration and shared leadership”, where educators feel genuinely connected and valued. This will create “collaborative spaces that new knowledge is exchanged and a true sense of shared ownership takes root”, aligning with Fullan’s “Emphasis on Relationships and Learning Communities”.

Provide Robust, Continuous Professional Development: “Equipping the Crew: Bolstering Capabilities Against the Storm” is crucial, as “providing robust professional development and ongoing support isn’t negotiable for sustainable change”. This means designing comprehensive, iterative professional development pathways that genuinely cater to diverse needs, including “learning, deliberate practice, candid feedback, and meticulous refinement”. This aligns directly with Kurt Lewin’s “Changing” stage, which calls for providing “the necessary training and resources to help individuals adapt”.

Empower Through Diagnostic Tools and Frameworks: Instead of delivering mandates, I will present change theories and frameworks as “diagnostic tools” that empower staff to apply them to their own contexts and make critical decisions. The “Leadership pizza” exercise, a “self-assessment tool for identifying key skills and attitudes,” can foster individual reflection and highlight “areas for personal leadership development” within our collective.

Manage Varied Adoption Rates with Adaptable Strategies: Understanding Everett Rogers’ “Diffusion of Innovations Theory”, I know that change isn’t adopted uniformly. I’ll ensure our strategies are adaptable, providing “varied support, and demonstrating profound resilience in the face of initial scepticism”.

Cultivate Psychological Safety for Open Dialogue: As transparent communication builds trust, I will actively foster an environment of “psychological safety” where individuals feel safe to share their beliefs, goals, and even vulnerabilities. “Icebreaker” activities, as successfully used in the session, can help “relieve tension, develop interpersonal communication, encourage discussion, and create a sense of connection” from the outset.

By focusing on these areas, I believe I can not only strengthen my own leadership but also empower our school’s “fleet of lifeboats”—our middle leaders and staff—to “navigate the complexities of educational transformation with renewed purpose and self-assurance”.

The rhythmic ebb and flow of school bells, once a steadfast hallmark of childhood, now often rings out over an increasing number of empty desks. In the wake of an unprecedented global disruption, the issue of school attendance has emerged as a complex and pressing crisis, echoing across classrooms and communities worldwide. Recent studies and reports paint a concerning picture, revealing not merely a statistical blip, but a profound societal challenge with far-reaching implications for individual futures and the collective good. From the alarming surge in lost learning days to the disproportionate impact on vulnerable populations, the multifaceted nature of declining attendance demands urgent attention and a nuanced understanding of its intricate drivers.

One of the most immediate and striking revelations from contemporary research is the sheer scale of the attendance problem. Reports from the Institute for Public Policy Research (IPPR) and The Difference, such as their March 2025 publication “Who is Losing Learning?”, highlight a staggering 67% surge in lost learning days between autumn 2019/20 and 2023/24 due to suspensions and absences. This isn’t merely a minor deviation; it signifies a systemic shift, where a significant portion of the student body is increasingly disengaged from the foundational structures of education. While overall absence rates may show slight fluctuations, the persistent and severe forms of absence remain stubbornly high. Data from the UK’s Department for Education (DfE) indicates that the persistent absence rate (missing 10% or more of school sessions) for the 2022/23 academic year was 21.2%, equating to around 1.6 million pupils. More recently, the Centre for Social Justice’s “School Absence Tracker – March 2025” revealed that in Summer 2024, 172,938 pupils were severely absent, meaning they missed 50% or more of their school time, an increase of 187% compared to pre-pandemic levels. These figures, regularly updated by the DfE on their pupil attendance in schools page, are not mere statistics; they represent hundreds of thousands of individual stories of missed opportunities, fragmented learning, and potentially jeopardized futures.

A deeper dive into the data reveals that the burden of this crisis falls disproportionately on already vulnerable shoulders. Disadvantaged children, those with special educational needs (SEN), and pupils eligible for free school meals consistently demonstrate higher rates of absence. For example, in 2022/23, 36.5% of free school meal-eligible pupils were persistently absent compared with 15.6% of pupils not eligible, as noted in the House of Commons Library’s briefing on school attendance. This disparity, further detailed in the Centre for Social Justice’s October 2024 “School Absence Tracker”, underscores a critical flaw in current systems, suggesting that existing inequalities are not only perpetuated but exacerbated by factors contributing to absenteeism. Addressing school attendance, therefore, is not just an educational imperative; it is a social justice issue demanding targeted interventions and a renewed commitment to equity.

Beyond socioeconomic factors, a pervasive and increasingly acknowledged driver of absenteeism is the burgeoning mental health crisis among children and young people. Studies, such as “Not in school: The mental health barriers to school attendance” by the Centre for Mental Health (April 2024), starkly illustrate this connection, revealing that children with a mental health problem in Autumn 2022 were seven times more likely to have missed 15 days of school than those without. The pressures of modern life, the anxieties amplified by the pandemic, and the often-insufficient mental health support systems converge to create a formidable barrier to consistent school engagement. This highlights the critical need for schools to evolve beyond purely academic institutions, transforming into spaces that actively prioritize and support the holistic well-being of their students.

The consequences of this attendance crisis are far-reaching, rippling through academic attainment and ultimately shaping future life chances. Research consistently demonstrates an undeniable link between consistent attendance and academic success. The House of Commons Library analysis of 2019 data showed that pupils who did not achieve grades 9-4 in English and Maths GCSEs had an absence rate of 8.8%, compared with 3.7% among pupils who achieved grade 5 or above. Furthermore, only 35.6% of persistently absent pupils and a mere 11.3% of severely absent pupils achieved grades 9-4 in English and Maths, significantly lower than the 67.6% of all pupils. The cumulative effect of missed lessons, disrupted learning, and fragmented educational experiences creates an ever-widening chasm in knowledge and skills, hindering future educational progression and employment prospects. NurtureUK’s April 2025 data release, “School absences linked to rising unemployment in young people,” starkly illustrates the long-term societal cost of this immediate educational challenge, noting that 1.49 million pupils now miss 10% of their lessons, and severe absenteeism rose to 2.3% (171,000 pupils) in 2023/24.

In response to this multifaceted crisis, recent research and policy discussions have converged on several key themes. There is a growing emphasis on understanding the nuanced drivers of absence, moving beyond simplistic explanations to address the complex interplay of individual circumstances, family dynamics, and systemic failures. Furthermore, a focus on fostering a sense of community belonging within schools is gaining traction, with the Education Development Trust’s April 2024 article “Improving school attendance by fostering a sense of community belonging” underscoring its importance as a driver of attendance. Crucially, the rigorous analysis of data, as highlighted in papers like the October 2023 ResearchGate publication “School Attendance and Absence in England: Working with Data to Inform Policy and Practice Beneficial to Young People,” is becoming indispensable for informing effective policy and practice, including safeguarding vulnerable pupils. From a broader perspective, comparative studies, such as those presented in the European Education journal’s 2023 special issue “Comparative Perspectives on School Attendance, Absenteeism, and Preventive Measures in Europe and Beyond,” offer valuable insights into international strategies for addressing absenteeism, providing a global context for local solutions.

A Next Stages Approach: Proactive Strategies for School Leaders

Addressing the persistent challenges of school attendance requires a dynamic and empathetic leadership approach, moving beyond reactive measures to proactive intervention. For school leaders, the next stages must involve a comprehensive strategy built on data, well-being, robust relationships, and targeted support:

First, establishing robust data-driven understanding and continuous monitoring is paramount. Leaders must move beyond mere attendance registers to implement sophisticated systems that track absence data not just overall, but disaggregated by key demographics like FSM eligibility, SEND status, and year group. This granular analysis, a core recommendation of various reports including the DfE’s ongoing statistical releases, allows for the pinpointing of specific cohorts and emerging trends. Regular data review meetings, perhaps weekly or bi-weekly, involving the attendance team, pastoral staff, and senior leadership, are crucial for identifying students at risk early and discussing individual cases. Critically, staff must be trained to engage in empathetic conversations with families, not just to record an absence, but to understand its underlying reasons – whether related to mental health, transport issues, family illness, bullying, or curriculum disengagement. Benchmarking against national and local data allows for the setting of realistic yet ambitious improvement targets.

Second, a resolute focus on prioritizing well-being and mental health must be at the core of any attendance strategy. Drawing directly from the Centre for Mental Health’s findings, schools must integrate and expand access to in-school mental health services, counselling, and comprehensive well-being programs. This involves dedicated mental health leads, school nurses, and strategic partnerships with external mental health charities. Crucial staff training is needed for all personnel to recognize signs of mental health struggles, offer initial support, and understand referral pathways. Fostering a genuinely supportive school culture where students feel safe, valued, and heard, perhaps through peer support programs or explicit lessons on emotional regulation, is essential. For students with significant anxiety or mental health barriers, flexible and reintegrative approaches, such as phased returns or blended learning, should be considered as part of a structured plan for eventual full participation.

Third, building stronger relationships and fostering a sense of community is vital. Proactive and positive home-school communication must replace reactive absence notifications. This includes regular check-ins, parent workshops on available school support systems, and creating accessible points of contact. The initial contact regarding an absence should be one of genuine concern and an offer of help, recognizing the complex challenges many families face, as highlighted by the Education Development Trust’s emphasis on belonging. Furthermore, strengthening students’ connection to the school through extracurricular activities, student leadership roles, and mentorship programs can significantly enhance engagement. Forging partnerships with local community groups and charities can also provide a wider network of assistance for families grappling with socio-economic barriers.

Finally, implementing targeted interventions for vulnerable students and reviewing curriculum engagement are critical. Data-driven early identification of students at risk of persistent or severe absence is key. For those with chronic absenteeism, individualized attendance plans, developed collaboratively with the student, family, and relevant school staff, are essential to address specific barriers and set achievable attendance goals. Effective multi-agency working with social services, educational psychologists, and CAMHS is non-negotiable for students facing complex challenges. Furthermore, school leaders must critically review whether the curriculum is relevant, engaging, and accessible for all students, as disengagement is a significant driver of absence. Actively seeking and incorporating student voice in shaping the school environment and learning experiences can profoundly impact their desire to attend.

In conclusion, the current landscape of school attendance is far from reassuring. The echo of empty desks serves as a potent reminder of a crisis that is deeply intertwined with societal inequalities, mental health challenges, and the fundamental right to a quality education. Addressing this complex issue demands a concerted, multi-pronged approach that moves beyond punitive measures towards a holistic understanding of the barriers to attendance. By investing in mental health support, strengthening community ties within schools, addressing socioeconomic disparities, leveraging robust data analysis, and continually adapting to student needs, school leaders can begin to fill those empty desks, ensuring that every child has the opportunity to fully engage with their education and unlock their potential for a brighter future. The challenge is significant, but the imperative to act is undeniable.

The Authentic Leader

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Author Archives: philipedmundson

Lifeboats: Navigating the Tides of Transformation: My Compass in Education’s Shifting Seas

The Resonance of Empty Desks: Traversing the Complexities of School Attendance